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With several components working hard under pressure, it’s normal for things to get hot under the hood. That’s why your car needs these six important fluids. Transmission fluid is one of them. It lubricates the gears and keeps your transmission from overheating. That’s why it’s important you replace the transmission fluid regularly.

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However, when you’re running any DIY maintenance on your car, whether it’s changing your transmission fluid or swapping out an air filter, don’t just flick out the old and slot in the new. Take some time to observe. You’ll usually find clues that point to small issues. For instance, each color of smoke that comes out of your exhaust has a meaning. The same applies to transmission fluid. If it’s black, that’s a sign that something is off. 

Even without checking the dipstick, there are other signs that something’s wrong with the transmission fluid. It shows in how your car drives. You might notice strange noises, especially when the gear is in neutral, or even struggle to shift gears. Worse, gears may start shifting unexpectedly. That’s a sign that your transmission is slipping. Some drivers feel odd vibrations and grinding sensations. When you press the accelerator, the car might not respond as quickly as usual. That’s usually because the transmission can’t transfer power properly from the engine to the wheels without enough lubrication.

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The tricky part is that not every car has a transmission temperature gauge, so you might not catch the warning signs immediately unless you pay close attention to how your car feels. So, if you experience any or all of these, that’s your car nudging you to check your transmission fluid. And if it’s black, you know there’s a problem. 

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Well, it means the transmission fluid has pretty much become useless. Transmission fluid is typically a translucent reddish-pink color when it’s new. With use, the color turns dark. But when we say dark, we mean a deeper red or light brown. If it’s black, it means the fluid is completely broken down and worn out. At that stage, it has lost all ability to lubricate the components of your transmission. The fluid has been in there way too long and has been exposed to too much heat. That heat breaks the fluid down, stripping away the very things that make it useful. Once it starts burning or oxidizing, it turns dark and also gives off a strong, burnt smell. That’s one reason you need to pay close attention to everything you see and smell when driving.

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Now, the transmission fluid that has become useless is still pretty harmful to your car. Remember that it can no longer lubricate the moving parts of the transmission. Without proper lubrication, these parts start grinding. That grinding creates more heat, which breaks the fluid down even more. It becomes a vicious cycle that, if left unchecked, can cause serious and expensive damage to your transmission.

If you’re checking your transmission fluid at home, there’s a simple trick to see what you’re dealing with. Use a clean white paper towel or cloth to dab the dipstick. The white background makes it easier to spot the color clearly. But also make sure you check your owner’s manual for the right way to do it. For some cars, the engine needs to be running and the gear in park; others may need to be in neutral. It all depends on the vehicle.

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If you check and find that your transmission fluid is black, you have to change it immediately. The longer you leave it in, the more vulnerable your transmission is. As we explained earlier, even though it’s no longer capable of protecting your transmission, it can still do a lot of damage. But you can’t just drain the bad fluid and pour in a fresh batch. And don’t just top it up either. You need to clean the entire transmission system properly. If you’re not experienced with this, it’s safer to let a professional handle it.

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The process usually starts with removing the transmission pan and draining out all the old, degraded fluid. At this point, the transmission filter will also be replaced because it’s likely full of tiny metal shavings and debris caused by excess friction. Once everything has been cleaned out, refill with the specific type of transmission fluid your owner’s manual recommends. This is important because different transmissions are designed to work with different formulations. The wrong transmission fluid can cause problems just as easily as leaving in the degraded fluid.

Now, one thing you definitely shouldn’t do is flush the transmission. The high pressure of the flush can force debris into tiny passages and delicate components of your transmission. In the long run, the best thing to do is to get ahead of the problem. Make it a habit to check your transmission fluid regularly and change it before it turns too dark.

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